Page 8 - Major climate issues Commitments and financing

VI

From one COP to another, the difficult

construction of global climate diplomacy

of the private sector in the dynamics - 2022: Very complicated
of climate change. Climate change: context in Sharm el-Sheikh
Afric on the front line
- 2017: The withdrawal of the
US and the issue funding under- Climate resilience index of African countries in 2022
mined COP 23
The interna-
tional climate
conference, High
which took Medium It is in Egypt, in the seaside
place from resort Sharm el-Sheikh, that
November 06 Southern Europe* the COP27 will take place from
to November Low November 09 to 18. Against a
17, 2017 in backdrop of war in Ukraine and
Africa *
Bonn under the presidency of the soaring energy and food prices,
Fiji Islands, was the second confe- energy security will be at the heart
rence of the Parties since the Paris of discussions, and above all of
Agreement. COP23 started in rather diplomatic tensions. This sum-
special circumstances, after the an- mit will also be held against a
nouncement of the withdrawal of the Based on an assessment of 180 countries: exposure and preparedness/adaptive capa- backdrop of disasters and climatic
US from the Paris Agreement, under city. * Averages: 10 countries for Southern Europe, 53 for Africa. madness: unprecedented droughts,
the mandate of Donald Trump. The Source: Henley & Partners, Statista calculations water shortages, forest fires in the
discussions did not make much pro- of the objective set, that of giving a bal warming below 2 degrees Cel- world, heat waves, floods, and
gress, undermined by the question strong political message in terms sius. Once again, the Summit made other issues. To prepare for the for-
of funding. of ambitions. “I am disappointed only timid progress. mal COP27 negotiations, the Envi-
with the outcome of COP25”, UN Rich countries failed to deli- ronment and Energy ministers of
- 2019: Very mixed results in Secretary General Antonio Guterres ver the US$100 billion needed some 50 countries met in Kinshasa
Madrid said in a statement. “The interna- for climate in 2020 to help vulne- from October 03 to 05, 2022. Seve-
The annual tional community lost an impor- rable developing countries transi- ral themes were discussed inclu-
climate sum- tant opportunity to show increased tion to low-carbon economies and ding the mitigation of emissions,
mit (COP25) ambition on mitigation (reducing adapt to climate change. However, climate finance, and the issue of
e n d e d o n greenhouse gas emissions), adapta- for the first time in the history of Loss and Damage, i.e. the damage
D e c e m b e r tion, & finance to tackle the climate the Conferences of the Parties, caused by extreme weather events.
15, 2019 in crisis”, he said. the Glasgow decision contained Great expectations thus remain at-
Madrid with a result below expec- an agreement accepted by all the tached to this very special COP27.
tations, far from the climate emer- - 2021: In Glasgow, Covid, and States relating to the acceleration Especially since time is running
gency. This was mainly due to the timid progress of the global energy transition by out in the face of the climatic di-
failure of the negotiations concer- The goal of COP26, delayed for means of the abandonment of coal sasters that follow one another.o
ning the framework of the carbon one year because of the pandemic, and the reduction of fossil fuel sub-
market and the very relative success was to set stricter rules to keep glo- sidies. Myriam Ezzakhrajy

What is a high-level champion for climate action?

THE role of the UN High-Le- In February 2022, Dr. Mah-
vel Champion for Climate Action moud Mohieldin was appointed
was established in 2015 at COP21 (Ph. AFP) as the 7th UN High Level Cham-
in Paris to help deliver govern- pion for Climate Action from
ments' ambitions to reduce carbon Egypt. He will join Nigel Top-
emissions and build resilience to ping, who continues his role as
climate change. The champions high-level champion for the UK
specifically link the work of go- following the UN climate change
vernments to the many voluntary conference, COP26 in Glasgow.
and collaborative actions taken by Dr. Mohieldin is an economist
cities, regions, businesses, inves- with over 30 years of experience
tors, and civil society. COP26 wit- in international finance and deve-
nessed the greatest mobilization lopment. He is Executive Direc-
of real economy actors ever, inte- tor at the International Monetary
grating the agendas of non-state Fund and is the United Nations
and governmental actors by esta- Special Envoy for the financing of
blishing common short-term goals the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
and the means to achieve the goals Development. o
of such agendas.
November-December 2022